The Family Code of the Philippines

Chapter 1: Requisites of Marriage

• Article 1: Ano ang kasalMarriage is a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman entered into in accordance with law for the establishment of…
• Article 2: Essential requisites sang kasalNo marriage shall be valid, unless these essential requisites are present: (1) Legal capacity of the contracting parties who must be a…
• Article 3: Formal requisites sang kasalThe formal requisites of marriage are: (1) Authority of the solemnizing officer; (2) A valid marriage license except in the cases provided…
• Article 4: Kulang ukon depektoso nga mga requirementThe absence of any of the essential or formal requisites shall render the marriage void ab initio, except as stated in Article 35 (2). A…
• Article 5: Pinakamanubo nga edad sa pagpakasalAny male or female of the age of eighteen years or upwards not under any of the impediments mentioned in Articles 37 and 38, may contract…
• Article 7: Sin-o ang makasolemnize sang kasalMarriage may be solemnized by: (1) Any incumbent member of the judiciary within the court’s jurisdiction; (2) Any priest, rabbi, imam, or…
• Article 14: Parental consent sa edad 18 tubtob 21In case either or both of the contracting parties, not having been emancipated by a previous marriage, are between the ages of eighteen…
• Article 15: Parental advice sa edad 21 tubtob 25Any contracting party between the age of twenty-one and twenty-five shall be obliged to ask their parents or guardian for advice upon the…
• Article 20: Validity sang marriage license (120 ka adlaw)The license shall be valid in any part of the Philippines for a period of one hundred twenty days from the date of issue, and shall be…
• Article 21: Certificate of legal capacity para sa foreignerWhen either or both of the contracting parties are citizens of a foreign country, it shall be necessary for them before a marriage license…
• Article 26: Kasal kag divorce sa abroadGin-amyendahanAll marriages solemnized outside the Philippines in accordance with the laws in force in the country where they were solemnized, and valid…

Chapter 2: Marriages Exempted from License Requirement

• Article 34: Wala license pagkatapos sang 5 ka tuig nga dunganNo license shall be necessary for the marriage of a man and a woman who have lived together as husband and wife for at least five years…

Chapter 3: Void and Voidable Marriages

• Article 35: Kasal nga void halin sa umpisaThe following marriages shall be void from the beginning: (1) Those contracted by any party below eighteen years of age even with the…
• Article 36: Psychological incapacityGin-amyendahanA marriage contracted by any party who, at the time of the celebration, was psychologically incapacitated to comply with the essential…
• Article 37: Incestuous nga kasalMarriages between the following are incestuous and void from the beginning, whether relationship between the parties be legitimate or…
• Article 38: Kasal nga void tungod sa public policyThe following marriages shall be void from the beginning for reasons of public policy: (1) Between collateral blood relatives whether…
• Article 39: Wala deadline sa pag-file sang nullityGin-amyendahanThe action or defense for the declaration of absolute nullity of a marriage shall not prescribe.
• Article 40: Desisyon sang korte antes magpakasal liwatThe absolute nullity of a previous marriage may be invoked for purposes of remarriage on the basis solely of a final judgment declaring…
• Article 41: Pagpakasal liwat kon nadula ang asawaA marriage contracted by any person during subsistence of a previous marriage shall be null and void, unless before the celebration of the…
• Article 42: Kon magbalik ang nadula nga asawaThe subsequent marriage referred to in the preceding Article shall be automatically terminated by the recording of the affidavit of…
• Article 45: Grounds para sa annulmentA marriage may be annulled for any of the following causes, existing at the time of the marriage: (1) That the party in whose behalf it is…
• Article 46: Ano nga fraud ang ginabilang sa annulmentAny of the following circumstances shall constitute fraud referred to in Number 3 of the preceding Article: (1) Non-disclosure of a…
• Article 47: Sin-o ang magsampa sang annulment kag tubtob san-oThe action for annulment of marriage must be filed by the following persons and within the periods indicated herein: (1) For causes…
• Article 49: Suporta kag custody samtang ginabista ang kasoDuring the pendency of the action and in the absence of adequate provisions in a written agreement between the spouses, the Court shall…
• Article 50: Epekto sang final judgmentThe effects provided for by paragraphs (2), (3), (4) and (5) of Article 43 and by Article 44 shall also apply in the proper cases to…
• Article 52: Pag-record sang judgment kag sang partitionThe judgment of annulment or of absolute nullity of the marriage, the partition and distribution of the properties of the spouses and the…
• Article 53: San-o makapakasal liwat ang dating mag-asawaEither of the former spouses may marry again after compliance with the requirements of the immediately preceding Article; otherwise, the…
• Article 54: Legitimate ang kabataan antes sang judgmentChildren conceived or born before the judgment of annulment or absolute nullity of the marriage under Article 36 has become final and…

Chapter 1: General Provisions

• Article 75: Default nga property regime: absolute communityThe future spouses may, in the marriage settlements, agree upon the regime of absolute community, conjugal partnership of gains, complete…
• Article 77: Porma sang prenuptial agreementThe marriage settlements and any modification thereof shall be in writing, signed by the parties and executed before the celebration of…

Chapter 2: Donations by Reason of Marriage

• Article 87: Donation sa tunga sang mag-asawaEvery donation or grant of gratuitous advantage, direct or indirect, between the spouses during the marriage shall be void, except…

Chapter 3: System of Absolute Community

Chapter 4: Conjugal Partnership of Gains

Chapter 5: Separation of Property of the Spouses and Administration of Common Property by One Spouse During the Marriage

• Article 134: Separation of property samtang kasalIn the absence of an express declaration in the marriage settlements, the separation of property between spouses during the marriage shall…

Chapter 7: Property Regime of Unions Without Marriage

• Article 147: Propiedad sang live-in nga puede magpakasalWhen a man and a woman who are capacitated to marry each other, live exclusively with each other as husband and wife without the benefit…
• Article 148: Propiedad sang iban nga nagapuyo nga mag-upodIn cases of cohabitation not falling under the preceding Article, only the properties acquired by both of the parties through their actual…

Chapter 1: The Family as an Institution

• Article 151: Earnest efforts antes kasuhan ang kapamilyaNo suit between members of the same family shall prosper unless it should appear from the verified complaint or petition that earnest…

Chapter 2: The Family Home

• Article 152: Ang family homeThe family home, constituted jointly by the husband and the wife or by an unmarried head of a family, is the dwelling house where they and…
• Article 155: San-o mahimo kuhaon ang family homeThe family home shall be exempt from execution, forced sale or attachment except: (1) For nonpayment of taxes; (2) For debts incurred…

Chapter 1: Legitimate Children

• Article 163: Natural kag adoptive nga filiationThe filiation of children may be by nature or by adoption. Natural filiation may be legitimate or illegitimate.
• Article 164: Sin-o ang legitimate nga mga anakChildren conceived or born during the marriage of the parents are legitimate. Children conceived as a result of artificial insemination of…
• Article 165: Illegitimate nga mga anakChildren conceived and born outside a valid marriage are illegitimate, unless otherwise provided in this Code.
• Article 166: Mga rason para i-impugn ang legitimacyLegitimacy of a child may be impugned only on the following grounds: (1) That it was physically impossible for the husband to have sexual…

Chapter 2: Proof of Filiation

• Article 172: Pamatuod sang legitimate filiationThe filiation of legitimate children is established by any of the following: (1) The record of birth appearing in the civil register or a…

Chapter 3: Illegitimate Children

• Article 175: Pamatuod sang illegitimate filiationIllegitimate children may establish their illegitimate filiation in the same way and on the same evidence as legitimate children. The…
• Article 176: Illegitimate child: apelyido, parental authority, legitimeGin-amyendahanIllegitimate children shall use the surname and shall be under the parental authority of their mother, and shall be entitled to support in…

Chapter 4: Legitimated Children

• Article 177: Sin-o nga mga anak ang mahimo ma-legitimateGin-amyendahanChildren conceived and born outside of wedlock of parents who, at the time of the conception of the former, were not disqualified by any…
• Article 178: Legitimation paagi sa kasal sa ulihiLegitimation shall take place by a subsequent valid marriage between parents. The annulment of a voidable marriage shall not affect the…

Chapter 1: General Provisions

• Article 211: Joint parental authorityThe father and the mother shall jointly exercise parental authority over the persons of their common children. In case of disagreement,…
• Article 213: Custody pagkatapos magbulag kag ang tender-age ruleIn case of separation of the parents, parental authority shall be exercised by the parent designated by the Court. The Court shall take…
• Article 214: Substitute parental authority sang lolo kag lolaIn case of death, absence or unsuitability of the parents, substitute parental authority shall be exercised by the surviving grandparent.…

Chapter 3: Effect of Parental Authority Upon the Persons of the Children

• Article 220: Kinamatarong kag obligasyon sang ginikananThe parents and those exercising parental authority shall have with the respect to their unemancipated children on wards the following…
• Article 221: Responsable ang ginikanan sa binuhatan sang menorParents and other persons exercising parental authority shall be civilly liable for the injuries and damages caused by the acts or…

Chapter 5: Suspension or Termination of Parental Authority

• Article 229: San-o nagatapos ang parental authorityUnless subsequently revived by a final judgment, parental authority also terminates: (1) Upon adoption of the child; (2) Upon appointment…