The Family Code of the Philippines

Chapter 1: Requisites of Marriage

• Article 1: Ano ang kasalMarriage is a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman entered into in accordance with law for the establishment of…
• Article 2: Essential requisites ng kasalNo marriage shall be valid, unless these essential requisites are present: (1) Legal capacity of the contracting parties who must be a…
• Article 3: Formal requisites ng kasalThe formal requisites of marriage are: (1) Authority of the solemnizing officer; (2) A valid marriage license except in the cases provided…
• Article 4: Kulang o may depektong requirementsThe absence of any of the essential or formal requisites shall render the marriage void ab initio, except as stated in Article 35 (2). A…
• Article 5: Pinakamababang edad para magpakasalAny male or female of the age of eighteen years or upwards not under any of the impediments mentioned in Articles 37 and 38, may contract…
• Article 7: Sino ang puwedeng magkasalMarriage may be solemnized by: (1) Any incumbent member of the judiciary within the court’s jurisdiction; (2) Any priest, rabbi, imam, or…
• Article 14: Parental consent sa edad 18 hanggang 21In case either or both of the contracting parties, not having been emancipated by a previous marriage, are between the ages of eighteen…
• Article 15: Parental advice sa edad 21 hanggang 25Any contracting party between the age of twenty-one and twenty-five shall be obliged to ask their parents or guardian for advice upon the…
• Article 20: Bisa ng marriage license (120 araw)The license shall be valid in any part of the Philippines for a period of one hundred twenty days from the date of issue, and shall be…
• Article 21: Certificate of legal capacity para sa foreignerWhen either or both of the contracting parties are citizens of a foreign country, it shall be necessary for them before a marriage license…
• Article 26: Kasal at divorce sa abroadInamyendahanAll marriages solemnized outside the Philippines in accordance with the laws in force in the country where they were solemnized, and valid…

Chapter 2: Marriages Exempted from License Requirement

• Article 34: Walang license pag 5 taon nang nagsasamaNo license shall be necessary for the marriage of a man and a woman who have lived together as husband and wife for at least five years…

Chapter 3: Void and Voidable Marriages

• Article 35: Mga kasal na void mula sa simulaThe following marriages shall be void from the beginning: (1) Those contracted by any party below eighteen years of age even with the…
• Article 36: Psychological incapacityInamyendahanA marriage contracted by any party who, at the time of the celebration, was psychologically incapacitated to comply with the essential…
• Article 37: Incestuous na kasalMarriages between the following are incestuous and void from the beginning, whether relationship between the parties be legitimate or…
• Article 38: Kasal na void dahil sa public policyThe following marriages shall be void from the beginning for reasons of public policy: (1) Between collateral blood relatives whether…
• Article 39: Walang deadline sa nullity caseInamyendahanThe action or defense for the declaration of absolute nullity of a marriage shall not prescribe.
• Article 40: Court declaration bago mag-asawa ulitThe absolute nullity of a previous marriage may be invoked for purposes of remarriage on the basis solely of a final judgment declaring…
• Article 41: Pag-aasawa ulit kapag nawawala ang asawaA marriage contracted by any person during subsistence of a previous marriage shall be null and void, unless before the celebration of the…
• Article 42: Kapag bumalik ang absent na asawaThe subsequent marriage referred to in the preceding Article shall be automatically terminated by the recording of the affidavit of…
• Article 45: Mga ground para sa annulmentA marriage may be annulled for any of the following causes, existing at the time of the marriage: (1) That the party in whose behalf it is…
• Article 46: Ano ang fraud sa annulmentAny of the following circumstances shall constitute fraud referred to in Number 3 of the preceding Article: (1) Non-disclosure of a…
• Article 47: Sino ang puwedeng mag-file ng annulment at hanggang kailanThe action for annulment of marriage must be filed by the following persons and within the periods indicated herein: (1) For causes…
• Article 49: Support at custody habang nakabinbin ang kasoDuring the pendency of the action and in the absence of adequate provisions in a written agreement between the spouses, the Court shall…
• Article 50: Epekto ng final judgmentThe effects provided for by paragraphs (2), (3), (4) and (5) of Article 43 and by Article 44 shall also apply in the proper cases to…
• Article 52: Pag-record ng judgment at partitionThe judgment of annulment or of absolute nullity of the marriage, the partition and distribution of the properties of the spouses and the…
• Article 53: Kailan puwedeng mag-asawa ulit ang dating mag-asawaEither of the former spouses may marry again after compliance with the requirements of the immediately preceding Article; otherwise, the…
• Article 54: Legitimate ang mga anak na nabuo bago ang judgmentChildren conceived or born before the judgment of annulment or absolute nullity of the marriage under Article 36 has become final and…

Chapter 1: General Provisions

• Article 75: Default na property regime: absolute communityThe future spouses may, in the marriage settlements, agree upon the regime of absolute community, conjugal partnership of gains, complete…
• Article 77: Anyo ng prenuptial agreementThe marriage settlements and any modification thereof shall be in writing, signed by the parties and executed before the celebration of…

Chapter 2: Donations by Reason of Marriage

• Article 87: Donasyon sa pagitan ng mag-asawaEvery donation or grant of gratuitous advantage, direct or indirect, between the spouses during the marriage shall be void, except…

Chapter 3: System of Absolute Community

Chapter 4: Conjugal Partnership of Gains

Chapter 5: Separation of Property of the Spouses and Administration of Common Property by One Spouse During the Marriage

• Article 134: Separation of property habang kasalIn the absence of an express declaration in the marriage settlements, the separation of property between spouses during the marriage shall…

Chapter 7: Property Regime of Unions Without Marriage

• Article 147: Ari-arian ng nagsasamang puwedeng magpakasalWhen a man and a woman who are capacitated to marry each other, live exclusively with each other as husband and wife without the benefit…
• Article 148: Ari-arian ng ibang nagsasamang mag-partnerIn cases of cohabitation not falling under the preceding Article, only the properties acquired by both of the parties through their actual…

Chapter 1: The Family as an Institution

• Article 151: Earnest efforts bago magdemanda ng kapamilyaNo suit between members of the same family shall prosper unless it should appear from the verified complaint or petition that earnest…

Chapter 2: The Family Home

• Article 152: Ang family homeThe family home, constituted jointly by the husband and the wife or by an unmarried head of a family, is the dwelling house where they and…
• Article 155: Kailan puwedeng kunin ang family homeThe family home shall be exempt from execution, forced sale or attachment except: (1) For nonpayment of taxes; (2) For debts incurred…

Chapter 1: Legitimate Children

• Article 163: Natural at adoptive filiationThe filiation of children may be by nature or by adoption. Natural filiation may be legitimate or illegitimate.
• Article 164: Sino ang legitimate na anakChildren conceived or born during the marriage of the parents are legitimate. Children conceived as a result of artificial insemination of…
• Article 165: Illegitimate na mga anakChildren conceived and born outside a valid marriage are illegitimate, unless otherwise provided in this Code.
• Article 166: Mga ground para i-impugn ang legitimacyLegitimacy of a child may be impugned only on the following grounds: (1) That it was physically impossible for the husband to have sexual…

Chapter 2: Proof of Filiation

• Article 172: Patunay ng legitimate filiationThe filiation of legitimate children is established by any of the following: (1) The record of birth appearing in the civil register or a…

Chapter 3: Illegitimate Children

• Article 175: Patunay ng illegitimate filiationIllegitimate children may establish their illegitimate filiation in the same way and on the same evidence as legitimate children. The…
• Article 176: Illegitimate na anak: apelyido, parental authority, legitimeInamyendahanIllegitimate children shall use the surname and shall be under the parental authority of their mother, and shall be entitled to support in…

Chapter 4: Legitimated Children

• Article 177: Aling anak ang puwedeng ma-legitimateInamyendahanChildren conceived and born outside of wedlock of parents who, at the time of the conception of the former, were not disqualified by any…
• Article 178: Legitimation sa pamamagitan ng kasalLegitimation shall take place by a subsequent valid marriage between parents. The annulment of a voidable marriage shall not affect the…

Chapter 1: General Provisions

• Article 211: Joint parental authorityThe father and the mother shall jointly exercise parental authority over the persons of their common children. In case of disagreement,…
• Article 213: Custody pagkatapos maghiwalay at tender-age ruleIn case of separation of the parents, parental authority shall be exercised by the parent designated by the Court. The Court shall take…
• Article 214: Substitute parental authority ng lolo't lolaIn case of death, absence or unsuitability of the parents, substitute parental authority shall be exercised by the surviving grandparent.…

Chapter 3: Effect of Parental Authority Upon the Persons of the Children

• Article 220: Mga karapatan at tungkulin ng magulangThe parents and those exercising parental authority shall have with the respect to their unemancipated children on wards the following…
• Article 221: Pananagutan ng magulang sa gawa ng menor na anakParents and other persons exercising parental authority shall be civilly liable for the injuries and damages caused by the acts or…

Chapter 5: Suspension or Termination of Parental Authority

• Article 229: Kailan natatapos ang parental authorityUnless subsequently revived by a final judgment, parental authority also terminates: (1) Upon adoption of the child; (2) Upon appointment…