The Revised Penal Code of the Philippines
Act No. 3815
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Book 1: GENERAL PROVISIONS REGARDING THE DATE OF ENFORCEMENT AND APPLICATION OF THE PROVISIONS OF THIS CODE, AND REGARDING THE OFFENSES, THE PERSONS LIABLE AND THE PENALTIES
Title 1: FELONIES AND CIRCUMSTANCES WHICH AFFECT CRIMINAL LIABILITY
Chapter 1: FELONIES
- Article 4: Criminal liability at impossible crimeCriminal liability shall be incurred: 1. By any person committing a felony (delito) although the wrongful act done be different from that…
- Article 6: Consummated, frustrated at attempted feloniesConsummated felonies, as well as those which are frustrated and attempted, are punishable. A felony is consummated when all the elements…
- Article 8: Conspiracy at proposalConspiracy and proposal to commit felony are punishable only in the cases in which the law specially provides a penalty therefor. A…
Chapter 2: JUSTIFYING CIRCUMSTANCES AND CIRCUMSTANCES WHICH EXEMPT FROM CRIMINAL LIABILITY
Chapter 4: CIRCUMSTANCES WHICH AGGRAVATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY
Title 2: PERSONS CRIMINALLY LIABLE FOR FELONIES
- Article 17: PrincipalsThe following are considered principals: 1. Those who take a direct part in the execution of the act; 2. Those who directly force or…
- Article 19: AccessoriesAccessories are those who, having knowledge of the commission of the crime, and without having participated therein, either as principals…
Title 3: PENALTIES
Chapter 3: DURATION AND EFFECT OF PENALTIES
Section 1: Duration of Penalties
- Article 27: Haba ng mga parusaInamyendahanThe penalty of reclusion perpetua shall be from twenty years and one day to forty years. Reclusion temporal. - The penalty of reclusion…
- Article 29: Credit sa preventive imprisonmentInamyendahanOffenders or accused who have undergone preventive imprisonment shall be credited in the service of their sentence consisting of…
Section 2: Effects of the penalties according to their respective nature
Chapter 4: APPLICATION OF PENALTIES
Section 1: Rules for the application of penalties to the persons criminally liable, criminally liable and for the graduation of the same
Chapter 5: EXECUTION AND SERVICE OF PENALTIES
Title 4: EXTINCTION OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY
Chapter 1: Total extinction of criminal liability
- Article 89: Paano lubusang natatapos ang criminal liabilityCriminal liability is totally extinguished: 1. By the death of the convict, as to the personal penalties; and as to pecuniary penalties,…
- Article 90: Prescription ng mga krimenInamyendahanCrimes punishable by death, reclusion perpetua or reclusion temporal shall prescribe in twenty years. Crimes punishable by other…
Chapter 2: Partial extinction of criminal liability
Title 5: CIVIL LIABILITY
Chapter 1: PERSONS CIVILLY LIABLE FOR FELONIES
Book 2: CRIMES AND PENALTIES
Title 2: CRIMES AGAINST THE FUNDAMENTAL LAWS OF THE STATE
Chapter 1: ARBITRARY DETENTION OR EXPULSION, VIOLATION OF DWELLING, PROHIBITION, INTERRUPTION, AND DISSOLUTION OF PEACEFUL MEETINGS AND CRIMES AGAINST RELIGIOUS WORSHIP.
Title 3: CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC ORDER
Chapter 4: ASSAULT UPON, AND RESISTANCE AND DISOBEDIENCE TO PERSONS IN AUTHORITY AND THEIR AGENTS
- Article 148: Direct assaultInamyendahanAny person or person who, without a public uprising, shall employ force or intimidation for the attainment of any of the purposes…
- Article 151: Resistance at disobedienceInamyendahanThe penalty of arresto mayor and a fine not exceeding One hundred thousand pesos (P100, 000) shall be imposed upon any person who not…
Title 4: CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC INTEREST
Chapter 1: FORGERIES
Section 4: Falsification of legislative, public, commercial, and private documents, and wireless, telegraph, and telephone messages
Chapter 2: OTHER FALSITIES
Title 8: CRIMES AGAINST PERSONS
Chapter 1: DESTRUCTION OF LIFE
Section 1: Parricide, murder, homicide
- Article 246: ParricideInamyendahanAny person who shall kill his father, mother, or child, whether legitimate or illegitimate, or any of his ascendants, or descendants, or…
- Article 248: MurderInamyendahanAny person who, not falling within the provisions of Article 246 shall kill another, shall be guilty of murder and shall be punished by…
- Article 249: HomicideAny person who, not falling within the provisions of article 246 shall kill another without the attendance of any of the circumstances…
- Article 254: Discharge of firearms (pagpapaputok ng baril)Inamyendahan(a) Any person who shall shoot at another with any firearm shall suffer the penalty of prision correccional in its minimum and medium…
Chapter 2: PHYSICAL INJURIES
- Article 263: Serious physical injuriesAny person who shall wound, beat, or assault another, shall be guilty of the crime of serious physical injuries and shall suffer: 1. The…
- Article 265: Less serious physical injuriesInamyendahanAny person who shall inflict upon another physical injuries not described in the preceding articles, but which shall incapacitate the…
- Article 266: Slight physical injuries at maltreatmentInamyendahanThe crime of slight physical injuries shall be punished: 1. By arresto menor when the offender has inflicted physical injuries which shall…
Title 9: CRIMES AGAINST PERSONAL LIBERTY AND SECURITY
Chapter 1: CRIMES AGAINST LIBERTY
Chapter 2: CRIMES AGAINST SECURITY
Section 2: Trespass to dwelling
- Article 280: Qualified trespass to dwellingInamyendahanAny private person who shall enter the dwelling of another against the latter's will, shall be punished by arresto mayor and a fine not…
- Article 281: Iba pang uri ng trespassInamyendahanThe penalty of arresto menor or a fine not exceeding- Forty thousand pesos (P40,000), or both, shall be imposed upon any person who shall…
Section 3: Threats and coercion
- Article 282: Grave threatsInamyendahanAny person who shall threaten another with the infliction upon the person, honor or property of the latter or of his family of any wrong…
- Article 283: Light threatsA threat to commit a wrong not constituting a crime, made in the manner expressed in subdivision 1 of the next preceding article, shall be…
- Article 285: Other light threatsInamyendahanThe penalty of arresto menor in its minimum period or a fine not exceeding Forty thousand pesos (P40,000) shall be imposed upon: 1. Any…
- Article 286: Grave coercionInamyendahanThe penalty of prision correccional and a fine not exceeding One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000) shall be imposed upon any person who…
- Article 287: Light coercions at unjust vexationInamyendahanAny person who,, by means of violence, shall seize anything belonging to his debtor for the purpose of applying the same to the payment of…
Title 10: CRIMES AGAINST PROPERTY
Chapter 1: ROBBERY IN GENERAL
Section 1: Robbery with violence against or intimidation of persons
Section 2: Robbery by the use of force upon things
Chapter 2: BRIGANDAGE
- Article 308: Sino ang liable sa theftTheft is committed by any person who, with intent to gain but without violence against or intimidation of persons nor force upon things,…
- Article 309: Parusa sa theft ayon sa halagaInamyendahanAny person guilty of theft shall be punished by: 1. The penalty of prision mayor in its minimum and medium periods, if the value of the…
- Article 310: Qualified theftInamyendahanThe crime of theft shall be punished by the penalties next higher by two degrees than those respectively specified in the next preceding…
Chapter 6: SWINDLING AND OTHER DECEITS
- Article 315: Swindling (estafa)InamyendahanAny person who shall defraud another by any of the means mentioned herein below shall be punished by: 1st. The penalty of prision…
- Article 316: Other forms of swindlingThe penalty of arresto mayor in its minimum and medium periods and a fine of not less than the value of the damage caused and not more…
- Article 318: Other deceitsInamyendahanThe penalty of arresto mayor and a fine of not less than the amount of the damage caused and not more than twice such amount, shall be…
Chapter 9: MALICIOUS MISCHIEF
- Article 327: Sino ang mananagot sa malicious mischiefAny person who shall deliberately cause to the property of another any damage not falling within the terms of the next preceding chapter…
- Article 329: Other mischiefs: parusa ayon sa halagaInamyendahanThe mischiefs not included in the next preceding article shall be punished: 1. By arresto mayor in its medium and maximum periods, if the…
Chapter 10: EXEMPTION FROM CRIMINAL LIABILITY IN CRIMES AGAINST PROPERTY
Title 11: CRIMES AGAINST CHASTITY
Chapter 1: ADULTERY AND CONCUBINAGE
- Article 333: AdulteryAdultery is committed by any married woman who shall have sexual inter-course with a man not her husband and by the man who has carnal…
- Article 334: ConcubinageAny husband who shall keep a mistress in the conjugal dwelling, or, shall have sexual intercourse, under scandalous circumstances, with a…
Title 12: CRIMES AGAINST THE CIVIL STATUS OF PERSONS
Title 13: CRIMES AGAINST HONOR
Chapter 1: LIBEL
Section 1: Definition, forms and punishment of this crime
- Article 353: Depinisyon ng libelA libel is a public and malicious imputation of a crime, or of a vice or defect, real or imaginary, or any act, omission, condition,…
- Article 354: Ipinapalagay ang malice (requirement for publicity)Every defamatory imputation is presumed to be malicious, even if it be true, if no good intention and justifiable motive for making it is…
- Article 355: Parusa sa libel sa sulat at katulad na paraanInamyendahanA libel committed by means of writing, printing, lithography, engraving, radio, phonograph, painting, theatrical exhibition.,…
- Article 356: Pagbabantang mag-publish para sa peraInamyendahanThe penalty of arresto mayor or a fine from Forty thousand pesos (P40,000) to Four hundred thousand pesos (P400,000), or both, shall be…
- Article 358: Slander (oral defamation)InamyendahanOral defamation shall be punished by arresto mayor in its maximum period to prision correccional in its minimum period if it is of a…
- Article 359: Slander by deedInamyendahanThe penalty of arresto mayor in its maximum period to prision correccional in its minimum period or a fine ranging from Twenty thousand…
Chapter 2: INCRIMINATORY MACHINATIONS
- Article 363: Incriminating an innocent personAny person who, by any act not constituting perjury, shall directly incriminate or impute to an innocent person the commission of a crime,…
- Article 364: Intriguing against honorInamyendahanThe penalty of arresto menor or fine not exceeding Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000) shall be imposed for any intrigue which has for its…
Anong mga tanong tungkol sa Revised Penal Code ang sinagot dito?
- Acts of Lasciviousness: Kahulugan at ParusaActs of lasciviousness sa Article 336: ano ang krimen, ang parusang prision correccional, at kailan tatamaan ang RA 7610 kapag bata ang biktima.
- Adultery at Concubinage: Ano ang Dapat Patunayan at ang ParusaAdultery at concubinage sa Revised Penal Code: ano ang dapat patunayan, ang mga parusa, sino ang puwedeng mag-file, at epekto ng pagpapatawad.
- Affidavit of Desistance: Tapos na ba ang Criminal Case?Ang sabi ng Supreme Court sa affidavit of desistance: bakit hindi ito pinapaboran ng korte at bakit mahina ito kapag pinirmahan matapos ma-convict.
- Alarms and Scandals: Krimen ba ang Maingay na Lasing na Kapitbahay?Alarms and scandals sa Article 155: ang apat na gawang pinaparusahan, arresto menor o multa hanggang ₱40,000, at bakit Article 254 na ang pagpapaputok.
- Kailan Puwedeng Arestuhin ng Pulis Nang Walang Warrant?Puwedeng mang-aresto ang pulis o pribadong tao nang walang warrant sa tatlong kaso lang ng Rule 113. Alamin ang mga ito at ang sinabi ng Veridiano sa tip.
- Blackmail: Pagbabantang Ilalantad Ka Kung Hindi Ka MagbabayadWalang salitang blackmail sa RPC, pero pinaparusahan ng Articles 282 at 356 at RA 9995 ang bantang ilalantad ka kapalit ng pera. Alamin ang parusa.
- Nahuling Nag-shoplift Bago Lumabas ng Store: Theft Na Ba?May frustrated theft ba sa Pilipinas? Wala. Sa Valenzuela v. People, sinabi ng Supreme Court na buo na ang theft kapag hawak na ng magnanakaw ang gamit.
- Community Service Imbes na Kulong: Sino ang Puwedeng HumingiCommunity service sa Article 88-A (RA 11362): aling parusa ang pasok, ano ang pinagpapasyahan ng korte, ano kapag lumabag, at bakit isang beses lang.
- Magkano ang Damages sa Murder o Homicide? (People v. Jugueta)Damages para sa mga heir sa kasong murder at homicide ayon sa People v. Jugueta: civil indemnity, moral, exemplary at temperate damages, at 6% interest.
- Direct Assault: Pag-atake sa Pulis, Teacher o OpisyalDirect assault sa Article 148 RPC: ano ito, sino ang person in authority, ang parusa matapos ang RA 10951, at kailan resistance lang ito.
- Tapos na ba ang Criminal Case Kapag Namatay ang Akusado?Kapag namatay ang akusado bago ang final judgment, tapos ang criminal liability sa Article 89 RPC. Ang sabi ng Bayotas at Rule 111 sa damages at estate.
- Estafa sa Pilipinas: Elements at ParusaAno ang parusa sa estafa sa Pilipinas? Ang mga halaga ng RA 10951, ang tagal ng kulong sa bawat bracket, ang elements, at kailan hindi estafa ang utang.
- Napagbintangan ng Krimen: Ano ang Sabi ng Batas?False accusation sa batas ng Pilipinas: pagtatanim ng ebidensya sa Article 363, perjury sa Article 183, at civil damages para sa malicious prosecution.
- Falsification of Documents: Parusa sa Pekeng PapelesFalsification of documents sa Articles 171 at 172: aling gawain ang pasok, parusa sa public officer at pribadong tao, at paggamit ng pekeng dokumento.
- GCTA: Paano Kinukuwenta ang Good Conduct Time Allowance?GCTA: bawas ng 20 hanggang 30 araw kada buwan ng good behavior, dagdag 15 araw sa pag-aaral o pagtuturo. Rates ng RA 10592, sino ang nagbibigay, desisyon.
- Grave Coercion: Kailan Krimen ang Pamimilit sa IbaGrave coercion sa Article 286: pamimilit o pagpigil sa iba gamit ang dahas, banta o pananakot, ang parusa, at ang pagkakaiba nito sa light coercion.
- Grave Threats: Paano Kung May Nagbantang Papatayin Ka?Grave threats, light threats at other light threats sa RPC: ang test ng Supreme Court, ang mga parusa, at ano ang ibig sabihin ng bantang papatayin ka.
- Ilang Oras Puwedeng Ikulong ng Pulis Nang Walang Kaso? 12, 18, 36Ayon sa Article 125, dapat iharap ng pulis ang nakakulong sa proper judicial authorities sa loob ng 12, 18 o 36 oras, depende sa parusa. Alamin kung paano.
- Magkano ang Bail sa Pilipinas at Paano Ito Kinukuwenta?Judge ang nagtatakda ng bail sa bawat kaso. Alamin ang DOJ formula, ang tinitimbang ng korte, saan magbabayad ng cash bail at kailan ito ibabalik.
- Inagaw nang Sapilitan ang Lupa Mo: Krimen ba Ito?Ang pag-agaw ng lupa gamit ang dahas o pananakot ay usurpation sa Article 312 RPC. Alamin ang requisites, ang multa, at ang civil case na forcible entry.
- Pagkakalat ng Tsismis: Kailan Ito Nagiging Krimen?Ang pagkakalat ng tsismis ay puwedeng intriguing against honor sa Article 364 RPC. Ang hinihingi ng article, ang parusa, at pagkakaiba nito sa slander.
- Depensa ba ang Pagiging Lasing sa Isang Krimen?Hindi palusot ang pagkalasing. Sa Article 15 RPC, ang napatunayang intoxication ay puwedeng magpababa o magpataas ng parusa. Ang sabi ng Ilayat 2025.
- Krimen din ba ang Pagtatago ng Kamag-anak na Gumawa ng Krimen?Exempt ang malapit na kamag-anak sa parusa para sa accessories sa Article 20 RPC, maliban sa isa, pero walang ganitong exemption sa PD 1829 sa harboring.
- Ibinabawas ba sa Sentensya ang Kulong Bago ang Conviction?Preventive imprisonment sa Article 29 (RA 10592): buo o four-fifths na credit, sino ang hindi kasama, at paglaya kapag umabot na sa maximum na parusa.
- Bailable Ba ang Murder sa Pilipinas?Hindi bailable ang murder kapag malakas ang ebidensya. Alamin ang bail hearing, sino ang dapat magpatunay, at bakit karapatan ang bail sa homicide.
- Krimen ba ang Pagbukas ng Sulat ng Ibang Tao?Krimen sa Article 290 RPC ang pagkuha ng sulat o papeles ng iba para malaman ang sikreto nila. Ang parusa at bakit hindi sakop ang magulang at asawa.
- Depensa Ba ang Katotohanan sa Libel?Hindi laging sapat ang totoo sa libel: kailangan ng good motives at justifiable ends (Article 361). Sa public figures, dapat patunayan ang actual malice.
- Kidnapping at Illegal Detention: Mga ParusaKidnapping at serious illegal detention sa Article 267, slight illegal detention sa Article 268, mga kaso ng ransom, at ang parusang ipinapataw ngayon.
- Libel sa Pilipinas: Elements, Parusa at Deadline sa Pag-fileLibel sa Article 353: ang apat na elements, kailan ipinapalagay ang malice, kulong o multang ₱40,000 hanggang ₱1,200,000, at ang one-year deadline.
- Malicious Mischief: Parusa sa Pagsira ng Gamit ng IbaMalicious mischief: sadyang pagsira sa gamit ng iba. Parusa sa RA 10951 ayon sa halaga ng pinsala, ang special cases at ang pinsala dahil sa kapabayaan.
- Oral Defamation (Slander): Krimen ba ang Pagsigaw ng Insulto?Oral defamation (slander) sa Article 358: kailan krimen ang insulto, serious vs slight slander, parusa, slander by deed at ang anim na buwang deadline.
- Parricide: Ano Ito at Ano ang ParusaParricide sa Article 246: pagpatay sa magulang, anak, ibang ascendant o descendant, o asawa; ang parusa ngayon; at ang pagkakaiba nito sa murder.
- Perjury: Pagsisinungaling Under Oath at ang ParusaPerjury sa Article 183 na binago ng RA 11594: ang mga elements, ano ang material matter, ang tagal ng kulong, ang multa at ang ban sa posisyon sa gobyerno.
- Physical Injuries: Serious, Less Serious o Slight? Mga ParusaSlight, less serious o serious physical injuries: paano binibilang ang araw na hindi makapagtrabaho o nagpapagamot, at ang parusa sa bawat isa sa RPC.
- Ilang Taon Bago Mag-prescribe ang Criminal Case?Gaano katagal puwedeng mag-file ng criminal case sa Pilipinas: ang mga panahon sa Article 90, kailan nagsisimula at humihinto, at bakit 4 na taon sa BP 22.
- Sino ang Puwedeng Mag-apply ng Probation sa Pilipinas?Probation: i-apply sa loob ng appeal period, at isinusuko nito ang appeal. Sino ang disqualified at ano ang binago ng RA 10707 pagkatapos ng appeal.
- Ano ang Qualified Theft? Parusa sa Kasambahay at EmpleyadoQualified theft: pagnanakaw na may sitwasyon sa Article 310, gaya ng nakaw ng kasambahay. Dalawang degree na mas mataas ang parusa kaysa ordinaryong theft.
- Reckless Imprudence Resulting in Homicide, Injuries o Damage: ParusaParusa sa reckless imprudence resulting in homicide, physical injuries o damage to property sa Article 365, ang one-case rule at danyos na dapat bayaran.
- Puwede Bang Makalaya Nang Walang Bail? Release on RecognizanceWalang pang-bail? Sa RA 10389, puwedeng release on recognizance sa isang custodian. Alamin kung sino ang qualified, mga dokumento at sino ang hindi puwede.
- Paglaban o Pagsuway sa Pulis: Krimen ba Ito?Paglaban o seryosong pagsuway sa pulis sa Article 151 RPC: ang mga elemento, ang parusa matapos ang RA 10951, at ang pagkakaiba nito sa direct assault.
- Robbery sa Pilipinas: Mga Klase at ParusaRobbery sa Revised Penal Code: kailan robbery ang pagkuha ng gamit, mga parusa kapag may dahas o pananakot, at kapag pinasok ang bahay nang sapilitan.
- Self-Defense sa Pilipinas: Kailan Ito Legal?Sa Article 11, kailangan ng unlawful aggression, reasonable means at walang provocation. Paano ito sinusuri ng korte, at depensa sa kamag-anak o iba.
- Slander by Deed: Kailan Krimen ang Sampal o KumpasSlander by deed sa Article 359: gawaing nagpapahiya sa ibang tao, ang mga parusa at multa matapos ang RA 10951, at ang anim na buwan para mag-file ng kaso.
- Ano ang Mangyayari Kung Hindi Mo Mabayaran ang Multa ng Korte?Subsidiary imprisonment sa Article 39: kulong kapag hindi mabayaran ang multa, paano binibilang ang araw, ang limitasyon, at bakit utang pa rin ang multa.
- Puwede Bang Kasuhan ng Theft o Estafa ang Kapamilya?Ang theft, estafa o malicious mischief ng malalapit na kamag-anak ay civil liability lang sa Article 332 RPC. Sino ang sakop at ano ang mga limitasyon.
- Ano ang Parusa sa Theft (Pagnanakaw) sa Pilipinas?Nakadepende sa halaga ng ninakaw ang parusa sa theft. Tingnan ang brackets ng RA 10951, kailan theft ang pagtago ng napulot, at theft vs robbery.
- Trespass to Dwelling sa Pilipinas: Kailan Krimen ang Pagpasok?Trespass to dwelling ang pagpasok sa bahay ng iba nang labag sa kalooban niya. Parusa sa RA 10951, mga exception at trespass sa nakabakod na lupa.
- Unjust Vexation sa Pilipinas: Kahulugan at ParusaUnjust vexation sa Article 287: ano ito, mga halimbawa, parusang arresto menor o multang ₱1,000 hanggang ₱40,000, at ang dalawang buwang deadline.
- Pagpapaputok ng Baril sa Bagong Taon: Ano ang Parusa?Krimen ang pagpapaputok ng baril sa ere sa Article 254 (RA 11926): 4 na buwan at 1 araw hanggang 6 na buwan, kanseladong gun license at habambuhay na ban.
Pangkalahatang impormasyon lang ito, hindi legal na payo. Para sa kaso mo, magtanong sa abogado, sa Public Attorney's Office (PAO) o sa ahensya.
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